Essay: According to Roberto Michels the institutions of modern, mass societies require hierarchical forms of organization. Does this mean that democracy is an impossible goal in modern worlds?

The German political theorist, Roberto Michels introduces the idea of an iron law of oligarchy, the diligence of a hierarchy of precedent. This establishes the idea that democratic institutions ar of line of descent hierarchal in nature, with inflexible organisational processes. His theory states that democratic institutions, such(prenominal) as political parties, take away the right for the plentifulnesses membership to participate in the policy process. The natural finale of this instruction is that body politic is not an attainable goal, as completely organic elite leadership ar granted the power to harness over members. However, it is the definitions of democracy, leadership and accountability in leadership, which are frigid to this theory. It is with changed notions of these crucial ideas, that democracy is certainly a realistic and level realised goal in contemporary society. According to his book, political Parties, Michels asserts that the strategi c and policy decisions required of political leaders in democracies are too complex to directly involve down groups of people. As a result, decisions are made by a sm totally group of people (the oligarchy) and broadly consented to by the political partys hole members. Michels states: Organization implies the tendency to oligarchy, meaning that no movement could amaze to without organising itself. Organization meant bureaucracy, and bureaucracy would always prevent democracy. Thus a truly democratic society is unachievable and the concept of democracy is an oxymoron.

Michels comes to this conclusion as he ex amined the German Socialist party and other! democratic institutions - as organizations and not from ideological perspectives. He believed all institutions served the interests of their oligarchies. However, Michels is not the only scholar who believed institutions are hierarchical, Ostrogorsky , Weber and Duverger , are theorists who agreed that the organizational structures of democracies are essential, as working classes pile only achieve privileges by combining into organizations. Michels... If you want to settle a full essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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