About the United States Constitution Essay Example for Free

About the United States Constitution Essay Essay 1 The Constitution of the United States created the form of government known as federalism. The national and state governments each have specific powers and functions, while also sharing some of the same powers. The Constitution made the agreement that any laws passed under the constitution would be the supreme law of the land. Three separate branches were created; the legislative, executive, and judicial. **********The new Constitution resolved the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation to the extent that it created a new system of government that was equipped with the necessary powers needed to implement changes through compromises, the passing of laws, and the levying of taxes. During the Constitutional Convention of 1787, delegates met in Philadelphia to discuss the difficult problems the new nation faced. The Framers decided that in order to facilitate change within the nation, the Articles of Confederation needed to be replaced with a new plan for government that would give the federal government more power to implement the changes necessary for the progression of the nation. The next step was to devise a plan for the government that would be accepted by the people of the nation. A series of compromises, known as the Three-Fifths Compromise, and the Great Compromise, were created. The Virginia Plan, created by James Madison, included an executive branch, courts, and a bicameral legislature where representation in each house of Congress would be based on each state’s population. This plan enticed delegates from heavily populated states such as, New York; however, the small states feared a government subjugated by the large states would give them no say. The New Jersey Plan, devised by delegates from the smaller states, included a unicameral legislature in which states would have equal representation. Within this plan, Congress had the power to set taxes and regulate trade, which were powers it did not have under the Articles of Confederation. The New Jersey Plan was not accepted because ******larger states thought they should have more power. After six rigorous weeks, *the delegates came to a compromise later known as the Great Compromise. The compromise proposed that Congress have two houses, a Senate and a House of Representatives, in which the Senate granted equal representation and the House granted representation based on population. In the Articles of Confederation, there was only *one vote per state. To pass laws, nine out of the thirteen colonies had to be in  favor of it and to make amendments; all thirteen colonies had to be in favor of the idea. The Great Compromise included that two thirds of the Senate and the House had to agree on a law or an amendment for it to be passed which was much easier. The compromise pleased both groups, but they were not completely satisfied. The Great Compromise directly dealt with the weaknesses within the Articles of Confederation and for this reason it gained popularity. The Three-Fifths Compromise came about after the Great Compromise which answered some of the remaining questions such as, who could vote. The compromise stated that every five enslaved persons counted for three free persons therefore, three-fifths of the slave population in each state would be used in determining representation in Congress. Americans were not all in favor of the Constitution at first, they were known as Anti-Federalists. They thought that the document would take away their liberties that Americans had fought hard to win from Great Britain. Their main argument was the new Constitution would create a strong, federal government and ignore the states and it lacked a bill of rights to protect individual freedoms. Those who were supporters of the document called themselves Federalists. They believed the Constitution would create a system of federalism, a form of government in which power is divided between the federal government and the states. The Federalist Papers, written by John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison, was what won the Anti-Federalist’s support of the document. In a series of essays, they argued that the United States wouldn’t survive without a strong federal government and reassured the document would protect their nation. Both the Anti-Federalists and the Federalists came to the conclusion that if the Constitution was adopted, the new government would add a bill of rights. The Constitution was completely ratified in 1790 which made the thirteen independent states a united nation, The United States of America. The new Constitution created a framework for the government, which was the something the Articles of Confederation lacked. Three branches within the legislative were created to make sure the federal government would stay stable. Each branch had specific powers while also having the ability to check the powers of the other two branches. The legislative branch, also known as Congre ss, made the laws. The executive branch enforced the laws and is headed by a president and vice president. The judicial system was created in which the  supreme court of the U.S would have the final say as to the constitutionality of laws. In order to avoid one of the branches from gaining too much power, the Framers included a system of checks and balances. This system allowed each branch of government to limit the power of the others. Therefore, the new Constitution resolved the weaknesses of the articles of confederation to the extent that it created a new system of government that was equipped with the necessary powers needed to implement changes through compromises, the passing of laws, and the levying of taxes. The government was able to tax and secure individual freedoms. The thirteen independent states became one nation, The United States of America. Although, not all of the problems of the Articles of Confederation were resolved, the new Constitution created a foundation for our government today.

Dylan Thomas, A Refusal To Mourn Analysis

Dylan Thomas, A Refusal To Mourn Analysis Dylan Thomass A Refusal To Mourn The Death, By Fire, Of A Child In London, is a poem about mourning. More specifically, the poems focus is on the speakers predicament of whether or not to mourn Londons Daughter (L 19). A question arises from this predicament. Who is Londons Daughter? Is this a single person, or does she represent a group of people? This poem was published in 1945 at the end of World War Two. This is significant because Thomas was living in London during the Nazi Blitz attacks, which resulted in the deaths of over 20,000 people (Stansky 3). He most likely saw the destruction that resulted from the war firsthand. The poem, then, can be read as a refusal to mourn a singular death. The speaker uses Londons Daughter to represent the many people who died in London during the war. However, it is how the speaker mourns, or his subconscious mourning, that is interesting. By refusing to mourn and questioning his beliefs, the speaker contradicts himself, and demonstrates his in ability to fully register the death of another. At first glance, the reader may think that the speaker is primarily concerned with a childs death. But a closer reading reveals that the speaker is extremely self-centered. The speaker immediately focuses on himself in the poem, rather than describing the child or group of people he is mourning. He is more concerned with his own response to death, rather than the sadness that accompanies death, and the person or persons that have died. In line seven, the speaker says, And I must enter again the round/ Zion of the water bead/ And the synagogue of the ear of corn (LL 7-9). The speaker is resorting to his religious beliefs to find comfort. He refers to a synagogue as a water bead, which could represent a bubble of escape. The speaker finds comfort in this bubble because it gives him meaning regarding death, and it shields him from the unknown. He stuck in his own little world, unable to comprehend this death. But then, he says, Or sow my salt seed / In the least valley of sackcloth to m ourn / (LL 11-12). This is an interesting shift in tone because the first nine lines of the poem portray the speaker as somewhat religious and optimistic. Now the speaker seems angry. Line twelve, least valley of sackcloth to mourn seems to show his lack of confidence in his religion (L 12). He is saying that he will not sow his seed in the valley of remorse, meaning that he is not going to dwell on this singular death. He will not subject himself to mourn. Throughout the poem, we see the speaker questioning his beliefs and his actions. This is not an uncommon response when dealing with loss. People experience a full range of emotions when dealing with death; questioning ones beliefs does not seem out of the ordinary. The speaker, after considering hiding out in his religious bubble, proclaims that he, shall not murder / The mankind of her going with a grave truth (LL 14-15). He is stating that there is no grave truth, and he is not going to keep trying to convince himself that there is an absolute truth. He is saying that to try and impose meaning on her death would be wrong. It would take away from her memory. The speaker does not want to make this death symbolic, Nor blaspheme down the stations of the breath / With any further / Elegy of innocence and youth (LL 16-18). He feels that to glorify death, or overly celebrate it would be disgraceful. The speaker is in denial. At this point in the poem, he seems to lack the capacity to feel for this person. This choice not to mourn seems to be less like a choice as the poem continues. The speakers lacking ability to mourn is demonstrated further when he juxtaposes himself next to the Thames River. He says, Deep with the first dead lies Londons Daughter / à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Secret by the unmourning water / Of the riding Thames (LL 18,22-23). His use of first dead implies that there have been many more, or there will be more deaths. He says that he is not going to spend his time dwelling on this singular casualty when there are so many more deaths to worry about. How could he possibly feel the same emotions for all of the coming deaths? How could he put so much energy and feeling into this one death? He claims that instead of mourning, he will flow like the Thames, ubiquitous and unknowing. He would much rather celebrate life and continuity. However, he contradicts himself yet again, with the final line, After the first death, there is no other (L 24). By stating this truth, he is consciously trying to make sense of death, which seems like an act of mourning. There is a pattern emerging in the poem. The speaker goes back and forth on what he believes to be the truth of the childs death. The speakers fickleness regarding his beliefs takes away from the childs death, and centers the poem on the speaker. From this small sample size, we can draw a conclusion that he does not possess an advanced capacity for mourning. Maybe he can only mourn once, and after that it is only repetition. Humans may not have the ability to fully register the magnitude someone elses pain, and in this case the speaker is only able to understand his own pain and experiences, and therefore is unable to mourn this child. The poem, then, is the speakers account of his desire to mourn, even though he says that he is not going to. The entire poem contradicts itself. The speaker cannot make sense of this death. So instead of trying to mourn, he refuses to, which becomes a subconscious act of mourning.

The Paperless Office and Paperless Society Will Never Happen

The Paperless Office and the Paperless Society Will Never Happen With the widespread introduction of computer terminals into offices, and the growing popularity of the personal computer, futurists and computer proponents envisioned the arrival of the â€Å"paperless office†. They predicted that in the near future, virtually all paper consumed in offices would be replaced by electronic, computer based mediums. Office workers, who before the advent of the computer relied entirely on typewriters, paper filing systems, and printed documents, could now create, store, and share information using computers. There would be no need to print out documents, because they would be always conveniently available for view using any available computer terminal. Even libraries, which traditionally contain shelves upon shelves of printed books, could be replaced by a large collection of books in electronic form. There are several main advantages of electronically stored information, as opposed to paper-based information. Content deep within an electronic library can be found using searching algorithms, and a single item within an electronic library can be shared and accessed by a nearly unlimited number of users simultaneously, who can be located in diverse geographic locations. Another advantage of a â€Å"paperless society† is environmental in nature: a dependence on paper takes its toll on our world’s forests, which are vital to the planet in many ways, such as providing oxygen, absorbing rainwater, protecting soil, and regulating climate. I would argue, however, that this environmental advantage is somewhat stretched out of proportion by computer advocates, because the manufacture of computers requires natural resources, and there are new environm... ... Industry Key Statistics As Published by the Pulp and Paper Products Council. American Process Inc. [v] Statistics Canada CANSIM Data Base. CANSIM is an official Mark of Statistics Canada. Series: C892268, Source: SDDS 3604 DEMOGRAPHY DIVISION [vi] Statistics Canada CANSIM Data Base. Series: D10505, Source: SDDS 4432 STC (63-016XPB) [vii] Same as (4). [viii] Laser Printer History. 4 Apr. 2001. American Calco Inc. [ix] Information Technology and Structural Change of the Global Forest Sector. 28 Feb. 2003. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis. [x] Healy, Sean. No Technofix for the Third World. 4 Oct. 2001. ZNet.

Third Cinema in China: Yellow Earth Essay -- China Cinema Movies Yello

Third Cinema in China: Yellow Earth What is identified as 'excess' in Western cinematic experience is, therefore, precisely where we locate Third World cinema. -Teshome Gabriel The possibility of a Third Cinema in China is encouraged with Chen Kaige's 1984 film Yellow Earth. Drawing upon Teshome Gabriel's framework, a working definition of Third Cinema is possible in the case of Chinese cinema. The "fifth generation" of China's film-makers is credited in making films such as Yellow Earth, Farewell my Concubine, and The Blue Kite, as well as Raise the Red Lantern and Red Sorghum. While not all films made by the fifth generation are necessarily of a Third Cinema, many of them offer critique, drawing upon tactics to raise social or political consciousness. Yellow Earth 's characterization as Third Cinema lies in its aesthetic qualities, incorporation of folk art characteristics, and challenge of Western film language. Chinese Painting as Third Cinema Aesthetic Use of space is distinctive in Chinese painting, for not only is what space is occupied by an object, but more importantly the surrounding space. What, to the Western eye, may appear to be 'wasted' or 'empty' space, is as much a part of the entire picture than may appear to be the object of interest. Yellow Earth invokes characteristics of Chinese painting in the cinematographic style of Zhang Yimou. The use of Chinese painting' characteristics contributes to Yellow Earth as representative of Third Cinema in China. The use of space challenges Western convention, creating a new film grammar to code political agendas. In "Yellow Earth: Western Analysis and a Non-Western Text", Ester C.M. Yau notes that: Classical Chinese painting's representation of nature i... ...n Chinese, the folk culture seems dated and irrelevant. Third Cinema, however, realizes the need to draw upon folk tradition. Third Cinema is not limited to those cinemas of Latin America or Africa. It is located where challenges to Western cinematic domination and rules are played out. In China, the years following the downfall of the 10 year reign of the Cultural Revolution produced a climate ripe for a politicized revolutionary cinema. Yet, the cinema in China remains bound to censorship and banning of films. The overtly politically challenging film The Blue Kite, set in the decade leading up to the Cultural Revolution, was banned and denounced by Chinese authorities. What has emerged then is the need to create a new language for the cinema to speak with. The language of Yellow Earth draws upon Chinese art to create a new aesthetic, a Third Cinema aesthetic.

Claudius Is Me :: essays research papers

O wretched state! O bosom black as death! O limed soul, that, struggling to be free, Art more engaged! Help, angles! Make assay. Claudius, What have you done? I regretted all of this. It is a big mistake, and I wish I could go back in time. I was so mad for power, wealth, love and money, that I killed my own brother, King Hamlet by pouring a small bottle of poison into his ear. I don ¡Ã‚ ¦t know how did his son, my nephew, Hamlet knows about my sin. I did it so superstitious, and carefully at night when no one was around. Hamlet sent a play for us to see. It was a trap, which he called a "mouse traps". He knew it all along. The play was just a test, to see how I will react. But I can ¡Ã‚ ¦t let anyone knows about me killing the King. I have to do something. Sending Hamlet to England doesn ¡Ã‚ ¦t work, instead I got a letter from him that he is held by the pirates, it is time for plan 2. Laertes will found out that Hamlet had killed Polonius, and will go for revenge. H amlet will lose for sure, because Claudius is an expert in swords fight. I can ¡Ã‚ ¦t stop now or I will be killed instead. O Gertrude, it is my entire fault that you got involved. I always loved you. You will always be protected by me, no matter what happened. Ophelia has gone mad, Hamlet seeing things, Polonius ¡Ã‚ ¦s death, Rosencrantz ¡Ã‚ ¦s and Guildenstern ¡Ã‚ ¦s deaths. One problem linking to another, and it is all started since I killed King Hamlet. When Hamlet get back to Denmark, the first thing that I am going to do is to set Laertes and Hamlet up to fight together. Laertes will avenge for his father ¡Ã‚ ¦s death, Polonius and his sister ¡Ã‚ ¦s madness, ophelia. I will put a poison pearl into the drink that Hamlet will drink after me. That way, he will be killed. Laertes ¡Ã‚ ¦s sword will be dipped with deadly poisons that will kill anybody instantly. It is

What Motivates Obama?

Mr. Sampson Psychology 6 November 2012 What motivates Obama? Barack Obama, the first African-American president, can in some ways be an inspiration to many people. But, many people do become curious about what motivates Barack Obama. Many people would not be able to try and run for the most responsible and prestigious job in the world, especially if you were under the circumstances that Obama underwent. Understanding theories of motivation can help us understand why people choose to do the things they do. First, looking at Barack Obama's personality will help us to understand a little more about him. Obama is a very charismatic speaker.He tends to speak on a level where many can understand him. Obama is a well-known writer and has spent time as a civil rights attorney, as well as a Constitutional law professor and served seven years as an Illinois state senator. To many, all of this success would have seemed out of reach. Obama was born from a white mother and a black father. This wa s at a time when interracial unions were not liked. Barack's mother raised him because his father left them when Obama was only two years old. He lived in Indonesia for a bit with his mother before moving in with his grandparents when he was ten years old.Barack's grandparents lived in Hawaii at the time. We must look at certain theories of motivation. First, the phsychoanalytic view, or better known as Freud's theory of motivation, can be used. The theory can be brought down to four basic propositions. They are the principles of (1) determinism, (2) drive, (3) conflict, and (4) the Montalbano 2 unconscious. Obama may have had an instinct to succeed and may have fought hard to climb to the top of the career ladder, but Obama's fate may have already been chosen by an unseen force.His actual instinct may have been something different, but society deemed the way he went to be the way to succeed. The closest thing to satisfy the instinct in today's world may have been success in his car eer. Aggression may have had a role as well. Obama was unable to vent his aggression in a way that society deemed appropriate. He may have fueled his drive to succeed with it. Conflicts within himself may have started when he felt that he could not have other things that others had, being African-American in a time of racial inequalities.This may have led to Obama's motivation as well. His unconscious may have also led him to be anxious and to let out his anxiety by striving for success. Another theory of motivation is the humanistic view. From the humanistic perspective, the supreme motivator is the striving to actualize and perfect the self. Obama wanted to make himself the best that he could be, wanting to break racial barriers along the way. He wanted to show everyone his full potential. Obama did this by growing as a person, putting to use what he was best at and learned how to be good at other things as well.Obama wanted to be liked and accepted by others. He showed that he wa nted that by being a public servant and help to others. His motivation started by his needs. He obviously needed to start working for basic necessities. This grew into belonging, self-esteem needs, and finally self-actualization needs. These steps are from the hierarchy or Maslow's Need Hierarchy. Last, but not least, is the diversity view. This is another theory of motivation. This theory argues that human beings are motivated by many different things. Obama was motivated because of his race.He wanted to prove his worth to others. Maybe he was motivated for his wealth, or Montalbano 3 he was encouraged by those around him. It could have been a mixture of things. Many things can influence a person to do the things that they do. A person is motivated by basic needs. Obama was motivated to run for the presidency because he needed to feel accepted by others. The press is a situation for need expression in the environment. When others encouraged Obama, he found himself a likely candidat e for the presidency. This further fulfilled his need for acceptance.The more he was encouraged, the more he felt that need fulfilled. He felt accepted. This is also seen as tension-reduction. Wanting to achieve and be successful is one of Obama's psychogenic needs. In conclusion, many theories of motivation can be applied when you try to see the reasoning behind Barack Obama's decision to run for president of the United States. Without some motivation, Barack Obama may have not become anyone of any importance at all. The psychoanalytic view, humanistic view, and diversity view have all helped Obama with him becoming the president. Works Cited Barack Obamamotivation. † Barack Obama Motivation. N. p. , n. d. Web. 05 Nov. 2012. . â€Å"Theories of Motivation. † Theories of Motivation. N. p. , n. d. Web. 05 Nov. 2012. . â€Å"The Personality Analyst. † Does President Obama Have the Motivation to Succeed? N. p. , n. d. Web. 05 Nov. 2012. .

The Hofstede’s Theories

As the International manager begins to identify differences among national cultures, he or she must be aware of past research and techniques to utilize while creating a strategy. The Dutch scholar Geert Hostede†s research offers framework for international managers to understand the management implications of broad differences in national cultures. Hofstede breaks down categories such as power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism-collectivism, masculinity-femininity, and short-term-long-term orientation. Hostede†s framework helps identify some of the managerial implications of cultural differences when dealing with other nations. It helps the international managers strategize accordingly to build a better plan to effectively produce his or her desired outcome when dealing with another culture. Hofstede believed that these theories should not be applied universally because many of the theories are ethnocentric and fail to account all cultural differences. Hofstede also indicated that American scholars, in particular, studied motivational theories but may have damaged data due to cultural differences. International managers must realize that Hofstede†s theories are only a starting point for understanding differences in ethnic cultures. For example, an international manager who is attempting to do business with Ireland should utilize the theories Hofstede supplied, but it is only a broad view that must be supplemented by other understandings gained through direct contact, personal commitment, and genuine openness in dealing with people of a different ethic background. Hofstede†s framework is a useful asset in analyzing and developing business with countries such as Ireland. However, the international manager should also research this culture with personal experiences to indicate whether or not the preliminary research is correct. There are so many variables that the international manager must be aware of during the research process. Any incorrect measures taken or applied haphazardly may cost the international company its reputation and future business. Cultures and individuals are constantly changing. Hofstede†s framework will be a guide for the international manager, but the successful manager will continue to customize his or her company to fit within a different cultures mold.